Safety & GovernanceFebruary 12, 202642 min read

Responsibility-Tiered RAG Output Control: A Mathematical Framework for Gate-Governed Retrieval Accuracy

Why controlling RAG accuracy through responsibility structure outperforms Top-k optimization alone

Many RAG systems optimize retrieval quality primarily through Top-k tuning and embedding similarity. This paper adds a governance-oriented approach: responsibility-tiered gates that adjust validation intensity by risk classification. The framework reports an 82% hallucination-rate reduction on enterprise document corpora while maintaining sub-second response times for low-risk queries.

RAGresponsibility-gatesrisk-tiershallucination-reductionHITLmathematical-models
IntelligenceFebruary 12, 202640 min read

Evidence Bundle-Enforced RAG: Mandatory Citation and Refusal Mechanisms for Trustworthy AI Responses

Shifting from 'answering' to 'answering with evidence' through a mathematical framework for hallucination reduction

Enterprise RAG reliability degrades when evidence requirements are weak. This paper introduces Evidence Bundle-Enforced RAG, where responses include mandatory citations, confidence signals, and paragraph-level provenance. When evidence is insufficient, the system can refuse to answer instead of fabricating content. We present a mathematical model for evidence sufficiency scoring, hallucination control, trust dynamics, and recursive improvement loops. In enterprise document-QA evaluations, hallucination rate was reduced from 23.7% to 3.2%.

evidence-bundlesRAGhallucination-reductiontrust-engineeringcitationrefusal-mechanisms